Advances in Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems: A Systematic Review of Sensor Technologies and Mobile Health Integration

Abstract

Several studies have focused on the evolution of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems (CGMS), particularly regarding their integration with mobile devices and the application of predictive strategies. Considering the increasing relevance of this technology in the healthcare sector, this systematic literature review aims to explore recent scientific advances, highlighting the main types of sensors, algorithms, and connectivity solutions described in the selected studies. The included articles presented innovative approaches involving microwave and electrochemical sensors, as well as techniques for glycemic trend prediction and mobile communication. The findings indicate significant progress in the development of CGMS, especially in real-time monitoring capabilities and the integration of artificial intelligence models for data analysis. However, challenges remain, such as improving sensor sensitivity and specificity, achieving clinical validation in real-life scenarios, and ensuring interoperability between different platforms and devices. The literature also emphasizes the importance of advancing user-centered design, data privacy, and regulatory compliance to facilitate the adoption of these systems in both clinical and personal health monitoring contexts. It is concluded that expanding the technological maturity and accessibility of CGMS is essential to support personalized diabetes management and to improve the quality of life for patients worldwide.